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P. R. Rao , M. D. Babu , R. V. K. Rao , S. Nammi

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the hypoglycemic activity of ethanolic extract of leaves of sweet and bitter varieties of Aegle marmelos in normal rabbits. Methods: Albino rabbits were treated with ethanolic extract of leaves of two varieties (sweet and bitter) of Aegle marmelos (250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, p.o and tolbutamide (40 mg/kg, p.o). Blood samples were collected from marginal ear vein just before and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16 and 24 h after the commencement of the experiment. Glucose-Oxidase assay method was used for the estimation of blood glucose. Results: Sweet and bitter varieties of Aegle marmelos produced hypoglycemic activity in a dose dependent manner. Sweet variety (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg) produced maximum percent blood glucose reduction (10.59±0.26, 15.9±0.55) at 6 h. Bitter variety (250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg) produced maximum percent blood glucose reduction (21.96±0.43, 41.68±1.26) at 8 h and continued upto 24 h. Tolbutamide (40 mg/kg) produced maximum percent blood glucose reduction (38.90±0.71) at 6 h. Conclusion: Bitter variety of Aegle marmelos produced greater hypoglycemia than the sweet variety and the difference may be due to the presence of potent bioactive molecules in bitter variety.

Keywords

Aegle marmelos, Bitter, Sweet, Hypoglyemic Activity

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P. R. Rao , S. Nammi , A. D. V. Raju

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the antimicrobial activity of alcoholic extract of Heliotropium indicum. Materials and method: Antimicrobial activity was studied at concentrations of 1 μg/ml, 100μg/ml, 1 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml of the extract dissolved in propylene glycol against four strains each of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria, three strains of fungi and two yeast by agar cup plate diffusion method. Results: The alcoholic extract of Heliotropium indicum was found to possess dose dependent antimicrobial activity in all the test organisms. Conclusion: The study lends support for the use of the plant as folklore medicine for the treatment of infectious diseases.

Keywords

Heliotropium indicum, Antimicrobial Activity, Bacteria, Fungi, Yeast

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M. Gadahire ¹, P. R. Rao ¹, S. Mayekar ¹, M. Joshi ¹, P. Kadam ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of General Surgery, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and Hospital, Mumbai, IN

Abstract

Foreign bodies, ingested either accidentally or intentionally usually pass through gastrointestinal tract uneventfully. However few cases presents with complications such as perforation, obstruction or haemorrhage or fistula formation. Perforation is mainly caused by long pointed objects. Here, we report the case of a 45 year old female who presented to us with sudden onset severe pain all over abdomen. Chest radiograph showed gas under right diaphragm. Laparotomy revealed a 17 cm long Neem (Azadirachta indica) stick, which was found perforating through the first part of duodenum and penetrating into the inferior surface of left lobe of liver. We believe this to be the first reported case of bowel perforation with penetrating hepatic injury caused by an ingested neem stick/ datun.

Keywords

Duodenal Perforation, Hepatic Injury, Foreign Body, Neem Stick, Datun.

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P. R. Rao , Balbir Singh

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to explain and quantify the phenomenon of the rising price level and to indicate the rate of expansion in money supply given the rates of growth in agriculture and industrial production and the velocity of circulation of money supply such that price-stability is maintained. The analysis has been done on long-term basis so that a deeper insight may be had of the problem of rising prices.

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R. D. Singh , P. R. Rao

Abstract

The present study attempts in examining the role of price including price-risk as well as non-price factors in determining supply behaviour. Additionally, it also tries to quantify the effects of interregional characteristics on supply. As a case study, the supply behaviour of virginia tobacco in India has been undertaken.

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